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Naval Rank Flags (Spain)

Introduction
Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (Captain-General of the Navy / Capitán General de la Armada)
Chief-of-Staff of the Navy (Almirante Jefe del Estado Mayor de la Armada)
Commander of a Naval District (Jefe de Región Marítima)
Admiral (Almirante)
Admiral not in command (Almirante subordinado)
Vice Admiral (Vicealmirante)
Vice Admiral not in command (Vicealmirante subordinado)
Rear Admiral (Contralmirante)
Rear Admiral not in command (Contralmirante subordinado)
Captain Commanding a Group (Capitán de Navío con Mando en División, Escuadrilla, Flotilla o Agrupación Operativa)
Commander or Lieutenant Commander Commanding a Group (Capitán de Fragata o Corbeta con Mando en División, Escuadrilla, Flotilla o Agrupación Operativa)
Senior Officer Pennant (Comandante más Antiguo en Reunión de Buques or Jefe de Bahía)

See also:

Minister of the Navy (Ministro de Marina, obsolete 1977)
Naval Rank Flags 1914-1923 or 1931 (Spain)
Naval Rank Flags 1931-1939 (Spain)
Rank Flags (Spain)
Spain

Other sites:

Flag Officers of the World at Joseph McMillan's Sea Flags website

Introduction

Spanish Navy flag officers still use the traditional rank flags — square versions of the national flag with 3, 2, or 1 blue circles to indicate rank. Album des Pavillons 1990, details them very well. The shade of blue is the same for all these symbols on Spanish ensigns:

Royal Crown for recreational boating,
HH with crowns for Revenue Service,
CM for Postal Service,

and for rank flags:

crossed anchors for the Minister of the Navy (obsolete),
horizontal anchor for Capitán General = 'commander-in-chief', horizontal anchor and 5-point star for the Admiral at the General Staff of the Armed Forces, and
the 3, 2 or 1 dots for the Admiral, Vice-Admiral and Rear-Admiral in charge of the Navy,

and FOTW dark blue (B+) fits well. It is azul marino in Spanish (navy blue). The Naval Museum (Madrid) website shows some flags on the museum's walls.

José Carlos Alegría, 1 January 2000

In Album des Pavillons 1995 the (...) blue shade looks more or less like the United States blue.

Ivan Sache, 1 January 2000

The US Navy usually equates capitán de navío with captain, capitán de fragata with commander, and capitán de corbeta with lieutenant commander.

Joseph McMillan, 1 January 2000