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Nepali Political and Organizational Flags

Nepali Congress Party
Mongol National Organisation
Maoist Communist Party
Communist Party of Nepal
All Nepal Women Asssociation (ANWA)
Nepal Sadbhavana Party
Nepal Revolutionary Students' Union
Communist Marxist Leninist Party
unidentified protest flag

Nepali Congress Party

by Ivan Sache

From the party website, the stars should be red.
Dov Gutterman, 14 Apr 2000

The Constitution of the party can be downloaded at http://www.nepalicongress.org.np/party/nc_cons_2017.pdf. The text is written in Nepali but shows an image of the current flag of the party, which is horizontally divided red-white-red with four red stars (1+2+1) in the middle of the white stripe. It is similar to the image shown here, above.
Ivan Sache, 30 January 2003

Variants of the flag

On a 1991 magazine there was a picture taken during the pro-democracy demonstrations: in it there were two flags, apparently two versions of the same flag: horizontal (vertical) red-white-red with four (three) red stars:

by António Martins

According to sitaula@panther.middlebury.edu this is the flag of Nepali Congress Party, which is the ruling political party of Nepal

Giuseppe Bottasini

by Ivan Sache

I have to add my "sand grain" with the NCP flag according to W.Smith (1976).
Horizontal red-white-red, with four *blue* stars in the white stripe.

I have tentative explanation, which is totally uncertified:
In Novermber 1990 Nepal turned from an Absolute Monarchy to Parliamentary Monarchy after violent riots. If the NCP had to abandon it monpolistic situation, it might have had to abandon its monopolistic use of the national colours, and retained only the red, the blue being used by the opposition party(ies)

Ivan Sache, 29 Jul 1999

by Eugene Ipavec, 7 February 2005

Posted on news.yahoo.com, apparently a variant of the Nepali Congress Party's flag, though the story identifies it as the 'Nepali Congress-Democratic Party'--perhaps a splinter group? Anyway, the flag is a horizontal red-white-red triband, same as regular NCP flag, but the four stars in center of middle stripe are here replaced by outlined green brazier with dark red fire and aflame outline 'c.'
Eugene Ipavec, 7 February 2005

Mongol National Organisation

contributed by Chris Kretowicz, 1 Apr 2001

Source: http://members.tripod.com/GopalGurung/GuBanner.jpg

The Mongol National Organization demands secularization of the state, equal rights to all religions and nationalities,declaration of the republic with King Birendra as a president for life.

Dr.Gopang Gurung is the leader of Mongol National Organization in Nepal.
Chris Kretowicz, 1 Apr 2001

According to Dr. Susan Hangen, who did a Ph.D. thesis in anthropology in the University of Pittsburgh (USA), the MNO is not officially recognized by the Nepali election committee due to its ethnic affiliation. According to the Constitution of Nepal, no political party may be affiliated with any religious or ethnic group. The real achievements of the MNO are more those of a social movement than a political party. The summary of Susan Hangen's thesis can de read on: http://www.pitt.edu/~pittanth/fall01-2.html

Ivan Sache, 30 January 2003

Maoist Communist Party

(variant) by António Martins, 30 November 2001

In 1996 a Maoist insurgency was launched, which now controls a large part of the country. A special police force was formed to cope with this problem, but police brutality has only helped the movement grow. The party's symbolic aim is to fly their flag on the top of Mount Everest. It is a red flag with hammer and sickle. Should the Maoists overthrow the very feudalistic social system, it seems quite inevitable that the flag of Nepal will change.
T. F. Mills, 4 June 2001

The flag of Maoist Communist Party hoisted by guerrillas is available in issue 21 of Flag Report. The hammer and sickle have a specific design and position.
Jaume Ollé, 4 June 2001

Today I read that Maoist guerillas have commenced another round of activities in Nepal following the government's decision to use the military against the rebels. Pertaining to flags, reading today's news reminded me of an image I saw several months ago in one of the large American newspapers. A photograph taken during
negotiations between the government and the Maoists showed two rebels waving a flag in the shape of the Nepalese flag, but solid red with a gold star in the
upper triangle. Although the flag was crudely composed, I presume it was the adopted flag of the Maoist insurgents.
Sean McKinness, 28 November 2001

Recently Spanish TV showed (presumably archive) images of Nepalese Maoist guerrillas flying a red flag with on the canton a yellow star on top of a yellow hammer-and-sickle-like emblem where the sickle's handle had been replaced by a machine gun.
Santiago Dotor, 29 November 2001

Variants of the flag of the Nepal maoists, showing a white hammer and sickle on red (flag format higher than wide); the smaller variant also includes some inscription (party name?) (reported in Süddeutsche Zeitung 28/29 May 2003, p. 11)
Marcus E.V. Schmöger, 15 June 2003

Communist Party of Nepal

by Jaume Ollé

A red flag with the hammer and sickle. I have seen a photo with an image of a red flag with a hammer and sickle and a device in the lower fly corner, that must be the (electoral?) emblem, a sun.
Jaume Ollé, 30 January 2003

The Communist Party of Nepal was founded on 22 April 1949 by Pushpa Lal Shrestha. It was banned in 1952 for three years. The Party held its First National Congress on 30 January 1954, with Man Mohan Adhikari as General Secretary. In the parliamentary elections of 1959, the CPN won 4 seats out of 109. In 1960, following a royal coup, the Parliament was dissolved and all political parties were banned. The Partyless Panchayat system lasted until 1990.

In 1971, a radical movement was formed in the Jhapa district. The movement was the root of the All Nepal Communist Revolutionary Coordination Committee (Marxist-Leninist), founded in 1975. The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist-Leninist) was formed in 1978. The Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) seceded in 1986, but both parties merged again in the the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) in 1991. The party broke again in 1998 and was reestablished in March 2002.

In 1991, the CPN-UML won 30% of the voices, earning 69 out of 205 seats in the House of Representatives and 16 out of 60 seats in the National Assembly. In 1994, the CPN-UML won the elections with 31% of the votes and 88 seats. The party formed a minority government in December 1994, with Man Mohan Adhikari as Prime Minister, and was ousted from the government in August 1995. In March 1997, the CPN-UML was involved with two other parties in a coalition government.

Ivan Sache, 30 January 2003

by Jaume Ollé

A variant of the flag of the Nepal communists, showing a white hammer and sickle on red (flag format higher than wide); the smaller variant also includes some inscription (party name?) was reported in Süddeutsche Zeitung 28/29 May 2003, p. 11.
Marcus Schmöger, 15 June 2003

by J.A. Sommansson, 24 January 2005

This is a variant of the flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist). The common party flag is red with a white hammer & sickle. In this case a multi-pointed sun is added. The sun is the party election symbol.
J.A. Sommansson, 25 January 2005

Democratic National Youth Federation

by Ivan Sache

The flag of the Youth Wing Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) is shown on the party website. It is horizontally divided red-blue with a white star in the middle.
Ivan Sache, 30 January 2003

This flag has also been reported as that of the Democratic National Youth Federation, Nepal, (youth organization of CPN(UML)).
J.A. Sommansson, 30 September 2004

All Nepal Women Asssociation (ANWA)

by Ivan Sache

The web site of the All Nepal Women's Asssociation (ANWA) shows its flag. It also describes the association as "the largest national women's organization in the country. It was founded in 1950. ANWA is the common and independent association of democratic, patriotic and progressive Nepalese women. It organizes women of all sectors and classes nationwide including working women, peasants, youth, students, house-wives, intellectuals, professionals, i.e., civil servants, teachers, nurses, etc. It envisages to build a powerful mass-based women's movement to uplift the status of women in the society. Its main aim is to empower and liberate women."

located by Francisco Manuel Garcia, 28 September, 2001

The site shows an image which includes a flag - horizontal red-white-red with four red stars in diamond formation in the middle strip, like one of the variants of the Nepalese Congress Party flags (shown above), with red stars.

Jonathan Dixon, 28 September 2001

Nepal Sadbhavana Party

by J.A. Sommansson, 24 January 2005

The similarity with the flag of the Indian National Congress Party is striking.
J.A. Sommansson, 24 January 2005

Nepal Revolutionary Students' Union

by J.A. Sommansson, 24 January 2005

Attached is the flag/logo of the Nepal Revolutionary Students' Union, the student wing of the Nepal Workers and Peasants Party as seen on the their website, http://www.nrsu.com.np .
J.A. Sommansson, 25 January 2005

The logo appears to be an outline of the map of Nepal (white on red), with a small five pointed star (on the NW, apparently not marking any specific location) and a kukri (dagger) set diagonally from, or to, the star.
António Martins-Tuválkin, 25 January 2005

All Nepal National Free Students Union

by Eugene Ipavec, 7 February 2005

Posted on news.yahoo.com, identified as the Communist Marxist Leninist Party, this is in fact the flag of the All Nepal National Free Students Union. The flag is red--surprise!--with white star in top left, pointed diagonally by an old-style ink-pen, also white. I am inclined to believe that this flag is not as long as the wall mural suggests--those extra folds are likely just an artistic flourish. Notice that the pen does not fold along with them.
Eugene Ipavec, 7 February 2005

The flag of "All India Nepalese Free Students Union" is identical to that of ANNFSU, but it also carries a white book in the centre (the pen crosses the book). AINFSU is a separate organization, of pro-UML students in India.
Eugene Ipavec, 7 February 2005

Unidentified protest flag

by James Dignan

An article in todays "Otago Daily Times" carries a Reuters photo of "Nepali students in Calcutta marching during a protest rally against the monarchy". I'm fairly sure I haven't seen this flag on our site. The flag appears to be like the Chinese PR flag, but with the stars in white rather that gold, and with a hand reaching up to grab the largest star. Oddly, some of the flags show exactly the same emblem, but rotated 90 or 180 degrees.
James Dignan, 20 February 2005